Turbulence Chapter 4: Laminar-turbulent Transition Modeling

This chapter focuses on the modeling of laminar–turbulent transition in RANS simulations. The transition region affects boundary layer behavior, drag, and heat transfer, and cannot be captured by fully turbulent models. Different transition mechanisms are introduced, followed by an overview of modern transition models based on intermittency, laminar kinetic energy, and empirical correlations. The summary includes Fluent-specific implementations and practical considerations for setup and mesh requirements.